As we know, Luffy hasn’t killed anyone, yet.
Oda explained why all Luffy’s former enemies are still alive.
Oda: “Why didn’t Luffy kill anyone? In this era, people put their lives on their beliefs and convictions, and fight. When he goes into battle, Luffy is destroying others’ beliefs. And when these enemies’ beliefs are shattered and defeated, they feel a pain equal to death. I think that for these pirates, killing or not killing is secondary to winning or losing.”